TPC 3.55 User Online Manual
Three phase electrical circuit analysis with TPC 3.55.Step-by-step instructions and technical documentation for calculating three phase electrical circuits in TPC 3.55.
Three Phase Circuits 3.55 (TPC 3.55) is designed for the calculation of three-phase electrical circuits in any configuration, including Y/Y, Y/Δ, Δ/Y, and Δ/Δ. The software generates a detailed step-by-step solution with a report exportable to MS Word (.docx).
Three Phase Circuits (TPC) Requirements:
- Operating System: Windows 7, 8, 10, 11, and later.
- Microsoft Word versions: 2007-2024 and later.
Three Phase Circuits (TPC) Requirements:
- Operating System: Windows 7, 8, 10, 11, and later.
- Microsoft Word versions: 2007-2024 and later.
1. Program Working Window, Interface
The TPC working window is shown in Figure 1. It consists of the following functional blocks:
1) Main Menu
2) Circuit Configuration Panel
3) Options panel
4) Utility for calculating line/phase impedances
1) Main Menu
- "File" Submenu - Creates a new diagram, exits the program;
- "Options" submenu contains the following items: language settings, element notation system.
- "Activation" Submenu - Enters the activation code (license key),
Required to upgrade from the demo version of the program to the fully functional licensed version;
- "Help" Submenu - Links to help materials on using the program, as well as information about the current version.
2) Circuit Configuration Panel
3) Options panel
4) Utility for calculating line/phase impedances
1) Main Menu
- "File" Submenu - Creates a new diagram, exits the program;
- "Options" submenu contains the following items: language settings, element notation system.
- "Activation" Submenu - Enters the activation code (license key),
Required to upgrade from the demo version of the program to the fully functional licensed version;
- "Help" Submenu - Links to help materials on using the program, as well as information about the current version.
Figure 1 – TPC working window
2) Circuit Configuration Panel
The panel allows you to select one of the possible configurations of a three-phase circuit: a) a three-phase source (generator) connection diagram - Y, Δ; b) a three-phase load connection diagram - Y, Δ (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 – Circuit Configuration Panel
Selected three-phase circuit configuration
The selected three-phase circuit configuration will be displayed in the working window (see Figure 3).
Figure 3 – The selected configuration of a three-phase circuit, three-phase source - star (Y), three-phase load - delta (Δ)
3) Options panel
The parameters panel is used to set the initial numerical values for the source and load:
The parameters panel is used to set the initial numerical values for the source and load:
- RMS values of the voltages/EMF of the three-phase source;
- Line impedances of the three-phase system (Aa - Za, Bb - Zb, Cc - Zc, see Figure 1);
- Phase impedances of the three-phase system (A - ZA, B - ZB, C - ZC, see Figure 1);
- Neutral impedance (if a neutral is present in the circuit).
4) Utility for calculating line/phase impedances
This utility is designed to calculate line and phase impedances when they are defined not by a complex value Z, but by elements such as resistors, inductors, and capacitances.
Let's look at an example of using the utility.
Figure 4 shows a circuit where the source phases are connected in a star (Y) configuration, and the load phases are connected in a star (Y-Y) configuration. The lines contain R and L elements. The three-phase receiver (load) contains C capacitive elements.
Let's look at an example of using the utility.
Figure 4 shows a circuit where the source phases are connected in a star (Y) configuration, and the load phases are connected in a star (Y-Y) configuration. The lines contain R and L elements. The three-phase receiver (load) contains C capacitive elements.
Figure 4 – Example of a Y-Y (Wye-Wye) type three-phase circuit
Example
Let's give an example of calculating the impedance of lines/phases.
The numerical values are set as follows: rf = 5 Ohm, Lf = 10 mH, Cf = 500 uF. To calculate the complex impedances of the lines and phases, use the utility (see Figure 5).
To perform the line "a" impedance calculation (see Figure 4), follow these steps:
1.) Enable the utility (see Figure 4) by checking the box;
2.) Set the AC frequency (in the example shown in Figure 5, f = 60 Hz);
3.) Set the switch to "Line Impedance";
4.) Set the "Select Line/Phase" switch to "A/a/ab";
5.) In the "Select Elements" group, enable "Z1" since elements rf and Lf in Figure 4 are connected in series.
The numerical values are set as follows: rf = 5 Ohm, Lf = 10 mH, Cf = 500 uF. To calculate the complex impedances of the lines and phases, use the utility (see Figure 5).
To perform the line "a" impedance calculation (see Figure 4), follow these steps:
1.) Enable the utility (see Figure 4) by checking the box;
2.) Set the AC frequency (in the example shown in Figure 5, f = 60 Hz);
3.) Set the switch to "Line Impedance";
4.) Set the "Select Line/Phase" switch to "A/a/ab";
5.) In the "Select Elements" group, enable "Z1" since elements rf and Lf in Figure 4 are connected in series.
Figure 5 – Example of calculating the line "a" impedance (see Figure 4)
let's continue the example:
Note for step 4): If elements rf and Lf were connected in parallel, you would need to select "Z2||Z3".
6) The enabled Z1 element is represented by a set of components: R1, L1, and C1. Select R1 and L1 (see Figure 5). Assign the following numerical values to these elements: R1 = rf = 5 Ohm, L1 = Lf = 10 mH. Do not enable element C1, as it is not present in the circuit.
7.) Click the "Calculate Impedance" button. As a result, the impedance for line "a" will be calculated, and the result will appear in the "Line Impedance" group (see Figure 6).
Line impedances "b" and "c" are calculated in a similar way. For the example in Figure 4, keep the component configuration shown in Figure 6 the same, switch the "Select Line/Phase" element from "A/a/ab" to "B/b/bc" and "C/c/ca," and then click "Calculate Impedance" again.
To calculate the load phase impedances, use a configuration similar to Figure 6, but set the "Line Impedance" switch to "Line Phase".
6) The enabled Z1 element is represented by a set of components: R1, L1, and C1. Select R1 and L1 (see Figure 5). Assign the following numerical values to these elements: R1 = rf = 5 Ohm, L1 = Lf = 10 mH. Do not enable element C1, as it is not present in the circuit.
7.) Click the "Calculate Impedance" button. As a result, the impedance for line "a" will be calculated, and the result will appear in the "Line Impedance" group (see Figure 6).
Line impedances "b" and "c" are calculated in a similar way. For the example in Figure 4, keep the component configuration shown in Figure 6 the same, switch the "Select Line/Phase" element from "A/a/ab" to "B/b/bc" and "C/c/ca," and then click "Calculate Impedance" again.
To calculate the load phase impedances, use a configuration similar to Figure 6, but set the "Line Impedance" switch to "Line Phase".
Figure 6 – Example of calculating the impedance of line "a" including elements rf and Lf (see Figure 4).
2. Options
Let's take a look at the "Options" menu.
The "Options" menu items include:
1) Selecting the program language ("Options" → "Select language")
The TPC program is fully translated into 11 languages:
English,
German,
French,
Spanish,
Portuguese,
Turkish,
Arabic,
Chinese,
Hindi,
Bengali,
Japanese
(see Figure 7).
Figure 7 – Selecting the program language
2) Elements Notation System
Elements Notation System("Options"→" Elements Notation System ")
The component designation settings window is shown in Figure 8. This configuration feature is included due to the ambiguity of three-phase system designations across different countries, regions, and academic circles. The labeling options in this section cover the majority of common standards, allowing the user to configure designations in accordance with the relevant national or regional standard (see Figure 8).
The component designation settings window is shown in Figure 8. This configuration feature is included due to the ambiguity of three-phase system designations across different countries, regions, and academic circles. The labeling options in this section cover the majority of common standards, allowing the user to configure designations in accordance with the relevant national or regional standard (see Figure 8).
Examples of element designation settings:
A three-phase source (generator) in a star (Wye) configuration can have designations selected from the following list
A three-phase source (generator) in a star (Wye) configuration can have designations selected from the following list
- Va, Vb, Vc;
- Ea, Eb, Ec;
- Ua, Ub, Uc;
- VA, VB, VC;
- EA, EB, EC;
- UA, UB, UC;
- Vab, Vbc, Vca;
- Eab, Ebc, Eca;
- Uab, Ubc, Uca;
- VAB, VBC, VCA;
- EAB, EBC, ECA;
- UAB, UBC, UCA;
- V;
- U;
- N;
- O;
Example of designation selection:
Suppose we have a Y-Y circuit diagram. For the three-phase Y source, we select the designations EA, EB, EC from the list. For voltages, we select V, and for the neutral, we select O. After clicking "Accept," the three-phase circuit diagram will be displayed as shown in Figure 9, updated according to your selected settings.
Figure 9 – Results of component designation settings as displayed on the circuit diagram
3. Phasor (Vector) diagram editor
The TPC phasor (vector) diagram editor features a wide range of built-in functions for vector manipulation and an intuitive user interface.
Figure 10 shows the phasor (vector) editor's workspace.
Figure 10 shows the phasor (vector) editor's workspace.
Figure 10 – Phasor (Vector) editor workspace
The vector editor allows you to perform the following operations with vectors (see Figure 11):
Vector editor operations and options
1) Clear workspace (removes all elements to create a blank sheet);
2) Create vector V with parameters (L, α), where L = vector length in centimeters (cm) and α = vector angle in degrees (°), measured from the real axis (+1);
3) Create vector V passing through two points A and B;
4) Move vector;
5) Rotate vector;
6) Delete vector;
7) Add text label to vector.
The vector editor panel also provides options to select the line thickness and color of the vector (see Figure 11).
2) Create vector V with parameters (L, α), where L = vector length in centimeters (cm) and α = vector angle in degrees (°), measured from the real axis (+1);
3) Create vector V passing through two points A and B;
4) Move vector;
5) Rotate vector;
6) Delete vector;
7) Add text label to vector.
The vector editor panel also provides options to select the line thickness and color of the vector (see Figure 11).
Figure 11 – Vector editor operations and options
Context menu
The "copy vector" operation is also available via the context menu by right-clicking (see Figure 12).
Figure 12 – Accessing the context menu
Creating a vector with parameters V=(L,α°)
When you select create vector V with parameters (L, α°), a dialog box will be displayed (see Figure 13).
In the dialog box shown in Figure 13, you must specify the vector length L in centimeters (cm) and the vector's angle of inclination to the real axis α in degrees (°), then click OK.
Alternatively, you can select a vector from the provided list (see Figure 13), set the vector scale Mv = V/cm, and click ADD(+) to add the vector with a positive sign or ADD(-) to add the same vector with a minus sign. As a result, the length parameter for the selected vector will be calculated and displayed in the "L=" text block, and the angle of inclination in the "α =" field will be set to match the angle of the selected vector.
In the dialog box shown in Figure 13, you must specify the vector length L in centimeters (cm) and the vector's angle of inclination to the real axis α in degrees (°), then click OK.
Alternatively, you can select a vector from the provided list (see Figure 13), set the vector scale Mv = V/cm, and click ADD(+) to add the vector with a positive sign or ADD(-) to add the same vector with a minus sign. As a result, the length parameter for the selected vector will be calculated and displayed in the "L=" text block, and the angle of inclination in the "α =" field will be set to match the angle of the selected vector.
Figure 13 – Dialog box for creating a vector with parameters V=(L, α°)
Advanced Options
You can configure text font parameters by opening the "Advanced Options" window (see Figure 14).
In the advanced options dialog box (see Figure 14), you can specify which elements to display (if checked) or hide (if unchecked) on the vector diagram.
In the advanced options dialog box (see Figure 14), you can specify which elements to display (if checked) or hide (if unchecked) on the vector diagram.
Figure 14 – Advanced Options
Download test models of three-phase circuits and check your calculations
We have developed virtual models of three-phase circuits with the following configurations: Y/Y, Y/Δ, Δ/Y, Δ/Δ, which contain virtual instruments for measuring key parameters in real time.
